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/**
* @module scripts/riksbank-fetch
* @description Fetches public Riksbank web/JSON artifacts for Swedish
* monetary-policy and fuel-price transmission context.
*/
import path from 'node:path';
import { pathToFileURL } from 'node:url';
import { persistRiksbankData } from './parliamentary-data/data-persistence.js';
export type RiksbankArtifactKind = 'repo-rate-path' | 'minutes' | 'fuel-price-context';
export interface RiksbankEconomicProvenance {
readonly provider: 'riksbank';
readonly dataflow: 'riksbank-web';
readonly indicator: RiksbankArtifactKind;
readonly url: string;
readonly retrieved_at: string;
}
export interface RiksbankFetchPayload {
readonly provider: 'riksbank';
readonly kind: RiksbankArtifactKind;
readonly url: string;
readonly contentType: string;
readonly retrievedAt: string;
readonly status: 'ok' | 'no-data';
readonly warning?: string;
readonly title?: string;
readonly json?: unknown;
readonly text?: string;
/** Base64-encoded payload for binary responses (e.g. PDF). Capped at PDF_MAX_BYTES. */
readonly pdfBase64?: string;
/** Byte length of the binary payload before base64 encoding. */
readonly pdfBytes?: number;
readonly economicProvenance: RiksbankEconomicProvenance;
}
interface ParsedArgs {
readonly command: 'repo-rate-path' | 'minutes' | 'fuel-price-context' | 'fetch' | 'help';
readonly flags: ReadonlyMap<string, string>;
readonly booleans: ReadonlySet<string>;
}
const DEFAULT_URLS: Readonly<Record<RiksbankArtifactKind, string>> = Object.freeze({
'repo-rate-path': 'https://www.riksbank.se/en-gb/monetary-policy/the-policy-rate/',
minutes: 'https://www.riksbank.se/en-gb/monetary-policy/monetary-policy-minutes/',
'fuel-price-context': 'https://www.riksbank.se/en-gb/monetary-policy/monetary-policy-reports/',
});
const HELP = `tsx scripts/riksbank-fetch.ts <command> [flags]
Commands:
repo-rate-path Fetch the policy-rate path source page unless --url overrides it
minutes Fetch monetary-policy minutes source page/PDF/JSON
fuel-price-context Fetch monetary-policy report context for fuel/energy assumptions
fetch Fetch a custom --kind and --url pair from www.riksbank.se
help Show this message
Flags:
--url <URL> Riksbank HTTPS URL (host must be www.riksbank.se or riksbank.se)
--kind <KIND> repo-rate-path | minutes | fuel-price-context (fetch command)
--persist Write output under analysis/data/riksbank/
`;
export function parseRiksbankArgs(argv: readonly string[]): ParsedArgs {
const command = (argv[0] ?? 'help') as ParsedArgs['command'];
const validCommands: readonly ParsedArgs['command'][] = [
'repo-rate-path', 'minutes', 'fuel-price-context', 'fetch', 'help',
];
if (!validCommands.includes(command)) throw new Error(`unknown command ${command}`);
const flags = new Map<string, string>();
const booleans = new Set<string>();
for (let i = 1; i < argv.length; i++) {
const token = argv[i];
if (!token.startsWith('--')) throw new Error(`unexpected positional argument ${token}`);
const key = token.slice(2);
const next = argv[i + 1];
if (next !== undefined && !next.startsWith('--')) {
flags.set(key, next);
i++;
} else {
booleans.add(key);
}
}
return { command, flags, booleans };
}
export function parseRiksbankKind(value: string): RiksbankArtifactKind {
if (value === 'repo-rate-path' || value === 'minutes' || value === 'fuel-price-context') return value;
throw new Error(`unknown Riksbank artifact kind ${value}`);
}
export function assertRiksbankFetchTarget(url: string): URL {
let parsed: URL;
try {
parsed = new URL(url);
} catch {
throw new Error(`invalid Riksbank URL: ${url}`);
}
if (parsed.protocol !== 'https:') throw new Error('Riksbank fetch URL must use HTTPS');
if (parsed.hostname !== 'www.riksbank.se' && parsed.hostname !== 'riksbank.se') {
throw new Error(`Riksbank host ${parsed.hostname} is not in allowlist`);
}
return parsed;
}
function extractTitle(text: string): string | undefined {
const title = /<title[^>]*>(.*?)<\/title>/is.exec(text)?.[1]
?.replace(/\s+/g, ' ')
.trim();
return title && title.length > 0 ? title : undefined;
}
const DEFAULT_RIKSBANK_TIMEOUT_MS = 15_000;
const TEXT_MAX_BYTES = 20_000;
/** Hard cap on HTML/text body size before truncation. Prevents pathological
* HTML pages from exhausting memory while still allowing a generous slice. */
const TEXT_RESPONSE_MAX_BYTES = 2 * 1024 * 1024;
/** Hard cap on PDF size accepted from Riksbank. Matches a generous monetary-policy
* report size (~5 MB) without allowing pathological responses to exhaust memory. */
const PDF_MAX_BYTES = 5 * 1024 * 1024;
/** Maximum number of redirects to follow manually while re-validating each host. */
const MAX_REDIRECTS = 3;
async function safeCancel(target: ReadableStreamDefaultReader<Uint8Array> | ReadableStream<Uint8Array> | null | undefined): Promise<void> {
if (!target) return;
try { await target.cancel(); } catch { /* ignore cancel errors */ }
}
async function safeReleaseLock(reader: ReadableStreamDefaultReader<Uint8Array>): Promise<void> {
try { reader.releaseLock(); } catch { /* ignore release errors */ }
}
function buildProvenance(kind: RiksbankArtifactKind, url: string, retrievedAt: string): RiksbankEconomicProvenance {
return {
provider: 'riksbank',
dataflow: 'riksbank-web',
indicator: kind,
url,
retrieved_at: retrievedAt,
};
}
function buildOutagePayload(
kind: RiksbankArtifactKind,
url: string,
contentType: string,
warning: string,
): RiksbankFetchPayload {
const retrievedAt = new Date().toISOString();
return {
provider: 'riksbank',
kind,
url,
contentType,
retrievedAt,
status: 'no-data',
warning,
economicProvenance: buildProvenance(kind, url, retrievedAt),
};
}
function parseContentLength(header: string | null): number | undefined {
if (!header) return undefined;
const value = Number.parseInt(header, 10);
return Number.isFinite(value) && value >= 0 ? value : undefined;
}
/** Read a `ReadableStream<Uint8Array>` body with a hard byte cap. The returned
* `bytes` holds the data read so far; `exceeded === true` means the cap was
* hit and `bytes` should not be consumed. */
async function readBodyWithCap(
body: ReadableStream<Uint8Array> | null,
maxBytes: number,
): Promise<{ exceeded: boolean; bytes: Uint8Array; bytesRead: number }> {
Iif (!body) return { exceeded: false, bytes: new Uint8Array(0), bytesRead: 0 };
const reader = body.getReader();
const chunks: Uint8Array[] = [];
let total = 0;
let exceeded = false;
try {
for (;;) {
const { value, done } = await reader.read();
if (done) break;
Iif (!value) continue;
total += value.byteLength;
Iif (total > maxBytes) {
exceeded = true;
await safeCancel(reader);
break;
}
chunks.push(value);
}
} finally {
await safeReleaseLock(reader);
}
Iif (exceeded) {
return { exceeded: true, bytes: new Uint8Array(0), bytesRead: total };
}
const out = new Uint8Array(total);
let offset = 0;
for (const chunk of chunks) {
out.set(chunk, offset);
offset += chunk.byteLength;
}
return { exceeded: false, bytes: out, bytesRead: total };
}
/** Perform a single fetch with manual-redirect handling against the Riksbank
* host allowlist. Returns the final 2xx Response or throws. */
async function fetchWithManualRedirects(
target: URL,
signal: AbortSignal,
): Promise<{ response: Response; finalUrl: URL }> {
let current = target;
for (let hop = 0; hop <= MAX_REDIRECTS; hop++) {
const response = await fetch(current, {
headers: { Accept: 'application/json, text/html, application/pdf;q=0.8, text/plain;q=0.7' },
signal,
redirect: 'manual',
});
if (response.status >= 300 && response.status < 400) {
const location = response.headers.get('location');
Iif (!location) {
throw new Error(`Riksbank redirect ${response.status} without Location header`);
}
// Drain redirect body to free the connection.
await safeCancel(response.body);
const next = new URL(location, current);
assertRiksbankFetchTarget(next.toString());
current = next;
continue;
}
return { response, finalUrl: current };
}
throw new Error(`Riksbank fetch exceeded ${MAX_REDIRECTS} redirects`);
}
export async function fetchRiksbankPayload(
kind: RiksbankArtifactKind,
url: string,
options: { timeoutMs?: number } = {},
): Promise<RiksbankFetchPayload> {
const target = assertRiksbankFetchTarget(url);
const timeoutMs = options.timeoutMs ?? DEFAULT_RIKSBANK_TIMEOUT_MS;
const controller = new AbortController();
const timeoutId = setTimeout(() => controller.abort(), timeoutMs);
try {
let response: Response;
let finalUrl: URL;
try {
({ response, finalUrl } = await fetchWithManualRedirects(target, controller.signal));
} catch (error) {
const detail = error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error);
return buildOutagePayload(
kind,
target.toString(),
'application/octet-stream',
`Riksbank fetch failed (${detail}); callers should fall back to cached analysis/data/riksbank/ artifacts.`,
);
}
const finalUrlStr = finalUrl.toString();
if (!response.ok) {
await safeCancel(response.body);
return buildOutagePayload(
kind,
finalUrlStr,
response.headers.get('content-type') ?? 'application/octet-stream',
`Riksbank fetch returned HTTP ${response.status} ${response.statusText}; callers should fall back to cached analysis/data/riksbank/ artifacts.`,
);
}
const contentType = response.headers.get('content-type') ?? 'application/octet-stream';
const contentLength = parseContentLength(response.headers.get('content-length'));
const retrievedAt = new Date().toISOString();
if (contentType.includes('json')) {
// JSON responses are typically small; still cap to TEXT_RESPONSE_MAX_BYTES.
Iif (contentLength !== undefined && contentLength > TEXT_RESPONSE_MAX_BYTES) {
await safeCancel(response.body);
return buildOutagePayload(
kind,
finalUrlStr,
contentType,
`Riksbank JSON Content-Length ${contentLength} exceeds cap ${TEXT_RESPONSE_MAX_BYTES}; persisted as no-data.`,
);
}
const capped = await readBodyWithCap(response.body, TEXT_RESPONSE_MAX_BYTES);
Iif (capped.exceeded) {
return buildOutagePayload(
kind,
finalUrlStr,
contentType,
`Riksbank JSON body exceeded ${TEXT_RESPONSE_MAX_BYTES} bytes (read ${capped.bytesRead}); persisted as no-data.`,
);
}
const jsonBytes = capped.bytes;
let json: unknown;
try {
json = JSON.parse(new TextDecoder('utf-8').decode(jsonBytes));
} catch (error) {
const detail = error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error);
return buildOutagePayload(kind, finalUrlStr, contentType, `Riksbank JSON parse failed (${detail}).`);
}
return {
provider: 'riksbank',
kind,
url: finalUrlStr,
contentType,
retrievedAt,
status: 'ok',
json,
economicProvenance: buildProvenance(kind, finalUrlStr, retrievedAt),
};
}
if (contentType.includes('pdf')) {
if (contentLength !== undefined && contentLength > PDF_MAX_BYTES) {
await safeCancel(response.body);
return buildOutagePayload(
kind,
finalUrlStr,
contentType,
`Riksbank PDF Content-Length ${contentLength} exceeds cap ${PDF_MAX_BYTES}; persisted as no-data.`,
);
}
const capped = await readBodyWithCap(response.body, PDF_MAX_BYTES);
Iif (capped.exceeded) {
return buildOutagePayload(
kind,
finalUrlStr,
contentType,
`Riksbank PDF body exceeded ${PDF_MAX_BYTES} bytes (read ${capped.bytesRead}); persisted as no-data.`,
);
}
const pdfBytesRaw = capped.bytes;
const pdfBase64 = Buffer.from(pdfBytesRaw).toString('base64');
return {
provider: 'riksbank',
kind,
url: finalUrlStr,
contentType,
retrievedAt,
status: 'ok',
pdfBase64,
pdfBytes: pdfBytesRaw.byteLength,
economicProvenance: buildProvenance(kind, finalUrlStr, retrievedAt),
};
}
Iif (contentLength !== undefined && contentLength > TEXT_RESPONSE_MAX_BYTES) {
await safeCancel(response.body);
return buildOutagePayload(
kind,
finalUrlStr,
contentType,
`Riksbank text Content-Length ${contentLength} exceeds cap ${TEXT_RESPONSE_MAX_BYTES}; persisted as no-data.`,
);
}
const capped = await readBodyWithCap(response.body, TEXT_RESPONSE_MAX_BYTES);
Iif (capped.exceeded) {
return buildOutagePayload(
kind,
finalUrlStr,
contentType,
`Riksbank text body exceeded ${TEXT_RESPONSE_MAX_BYTES} bytes (read ${capped.bytesRead}); persisted as no-data.`,
);
}
const textBytes = capped.bytes;
const text = new TextDecoder('utf-8').decode(textBytes);
const title = extractTitle(text);
return {
provider: 'riksbank',
kind,
url: finalUrlStr,
contentType,
retrievedAt,
status: 'ok',
...(title ? { title } : {}),
text: text.slice(0, TEXT_MAX_BYTES),
economicProvenance: buildProvenance(kind, finalUrlStr, retrievedAt),
};
} finally {
clearTimeout(timeoutId);
}
}
async function runKind(
kind: RiksbankArtifactKind,
url: string,
booleans: ReadonlySet<string>,
): Promise<void> {
const payload = await fetchRiksbankPayload(kind, url);
process.stdout.write(`${JSON.stringify(payload, null, 2)}\n`);
if (booleans.has('persist')) persistRiksbankData(kind, payload);
}
function requireRiksbankFlag(
flags: ReadonlyMap<string, string>,
name: string,
): string {
const value = flags.get(name)?.trim();
if (!value) throw new Error(`missing required flag --${name}`);
return value;
}
async function main(): Promise<void> {
const { command, flags, booleans } = parseRiksbankArgs(process.argv.slice(2));
if (command === 'help') {
process.stdout.write(HELP);
return;
}
const kind =
command === 'fetch' ? parseRiksbankKind(requireRiksbankFlag(flags, 'kind')) : command;
const urlFlag = flags.get('url')?.trim();
const url = urlFlag && urlFlag.length > 0 ? urlFlag : DEFAULT_URLS[kind];
await runKind(kind, url, booleans);
}
function isDirectExecution(): boolean {
const entry = process.argv[1];
Iif (!entry) return false;
return import.meta.url === pathToFileURL(path.resolve(entry)).href;
}
Iif (isDirectExecution()) {
main().catch((error: unknown) => {
const message = error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error);
process.stderr.write(`riksbank-fetch: ${message}\n`);
process.exit(/^(missing|unknown|unexpected|invalid|Riksbank fetch URL)/i.test(message) ? 2 : 1);
});
}
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